Failure of Disability Act and Celebration of International World Disability Day (3rd December 2011)

 Dr Balraj Bishnoi , faculty member RICEM (jaipur). 

Theme for the year 2011 is “Together for a better world for all: Including persons with disabilities in development”.

International Day of Persons with Disabilities , December 3 has been celebrated with varying degrees of success around the Earth. The celebration of the Day aims to promote an understanding of disability issues and mobilize support for the dignity, rights and well-being of persons with disabilities. It also seeks to increase awareness of gains to be derived from the integration of persons with disabilities in every aspect of political, social, economic and cultural life. It was originally called "International Day of Disabled Persons". Each year the day focuses on a different issue.

Themes of last 10 years  for PWD are:

 1) 2001: "Full participation and equality: The call for new approaches to assess progress and evaluate outcome" 2) 2002: "Independent Living and Sustainable Livelihoods" 3) 2003: "A Voice of our Own" 4) 2004: "Nothing about Us, Without Us"   5)2005: "Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Action in Development" 6) 2006: "E-Accessibility" 7) 2007: "Decent Work for Persons with Disabilities" 8) 2008: "Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: Dignity and justice for all of us" 9) 2009: "Strengthning persons with disabilities and their communities around the world" 10) 2010: "Keeping the promise: Mainstreaming disability in the Millennium Development Goals towards 2015 and beyond" 11) 2011: "Together for a better world for all: Including persons with disabilities in development"                                                                                                                               

Current data shows that “Persons with disabilities”/PWD make up an estimated 15 per cent of the world’s population & about one-fifth of the estimated global total of persons living with disabilities AND facing many disadvantages in their societies and facing discrimination in all aspects of life. They remain largely marginalized, disproportionately poorer, frequently unemployed and have higher rates of mortality. Furthermore, they are largely excluded from civil and political processes and are overwhelmingly voiceless in matters that affect them and their society. United Nations declared 1983—1992 as Decade of Disabled Persons: To provide a time frame during which Governments and organizations could implement the activities recommended by the General Assembly’ action programmed proclaimed 1983-1992 the United Nations Decade of Disabled Persons

                               It is seen that when persons with disabilities are empowered to participate and lead the process of development with  involvement creates opportunities for  persons with disabilities and their communities in developmental efforts is significant but a failure due to Maladministration & discrimination by politico-beareaucratic dysfunction. It is imperative that development efforts across the nations include disability issues when determining policies, schemes and allocation of funds for developmental innovation and projects looks to be a failure today in terms of implementation and proves a drawback in mainstreaming disabled in development. There is a strategic need to achieve equality for persons with disabilities & control of law for successful implementation of U.N. resolution & disability act. The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (human rights treaty and a development tool) provides an opportunity to strengthen developmental policies related to the implementation of development goals approved internationally & India is a part of it e.g. “The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)” but socio-politico-administrative initiative is needful as resolution passed but implementation fails to large extent. According to the main theme of International Day for Person with Disabilities 2011 “Together for a better world for all: Including persons with disabilities in development”, its sub-themes includes: a) Mainstreaming disability: including a disability perspective in all development processes, b) Gender: including women and girls with disabilities in development, c) Including children and youth with disabilities in development, d) Accessibility: removing barriers and promoting disability-inclusive development and e) Promoting collection data on disabilities.  In Manipur India ,Government officials will conduct a sensitization and training programme for District Level Officers and community based organizations on national legislation, schemes and programmes for persons with disabilities. Centre for Community Initiative /CCI is devoted to Person With Disabilities. CCI facilitates and empower parents, disabled persons with practical support, assessment and counseling, getting involved in mapping positive and supportive environment for disabled people, encourage inclusive education, etc.  Share, listen, commit and work towards building a responsive society in which differently and potentially abled people grow in self-esteem and enjoy full participation in community life. “ Manipur state initiative” should be consider as role model for advocacy of PWD.                                                                                                                                 Helen Keller lively illustrated “As miraculous as learning language may seem, that achievement of Keller's belongs to the 19th century. It was also a co-production with her patient and persevering teacher, Anne Sullivan. Helen Keller's greater achievement came after Sullivan, her companion and protector, died in 1936. Keller would live 32 more years and in that time would prove that the disabled can be independent. I hate the word handicapped. Keller would too. We are people with inconveniences. We're not charity cases. She was once asked how disabled veterans of World War II should be treated and said that they do "not want to be treated as heroes. They want to be able to live naturally and to be treated as human beings."

INTEGRATED COOPERATIVE DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN RAJASTHAN.

lexz lgdkjh fodkl ifj;kstuk % orZeku ifjn`';

Mk- cyjkt fc'uksbZ] ladk; lnL;] jkbZlse

    p;uhr ftyksa esa ,dhd`r lgdkjh fodkl ifj;kstukvksa ds }kjk d`f"k vkSj e`Rl; ikyu] gFkdj?kk] xzkeh.k ,oa peM+k o i'kqikyu m|ksx vR;kfn dks ,dhd`r rjhds ls lEcaf/kr {ks=ksa esa lgdkjh iz;klksa ds ek/;e ls fodkl dk mn~ns'; lgdkj n'kZu ds ek/;e ls izkIr fd;k tk jgk gS ,oa f}rh; pj.k dh rjQ etcwrh ls nLrd nsus gsrq izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe igys pj.k ds 13 ftyksa esa izxfr ij gS ,oa 11 ftyksa esa izLrkfor gSA

    vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,sa ekStwnk izkFkfed lfefr;ksa ¼iSDl½ vkSj vU; dk;kZRed lgdkjh lfefr;ksa Ø;&foØ;@Ms;jh vkfn ls lEcaf/kr lfefr;ksa  dks eq[;r% etcwr cukus rFkk muds izcU/ku ds vk/kqfudhdj.k dks lek;ksftr djrs gq,s lgdkjh lajpuk esa lq/kkj djus esa vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- dh Hkwfedk ljkguh; gSA jktLFkku  jkT; ljdkj ds ek/;e ls lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds lokZaxh.k fodkl gsrq _.k o lfClMh iznku dh tkrh gS ,oa fo'ks"k mn~s';kRed lfefr;ksa ,oa iSDl dks izeq[k LFkku fn;k x;k gSA

    vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- ifj;kstuk dk;ZØe jkT; ljdkj }kjk ,u-lh-Mh-lh- dks Hkstk tkrk gS rRi'pkr foÙkh; lgk;rk ,u-lh-Mh-lh- }kjk gh iznku dh tkrh gS ijUrq ftyksa dk fu/kkZj.k ljdkj ds ek/;e ls fd;k tkrk gSA vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- dh izkjEHk 1985&86 esa jkT; ds p;fur ftyksa esa lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds lexz fodkl gsrq fd;k tk jgk gSA ,oa ,dhd`r {ks= vk/kkfjr n`f"Vdks.k }kjk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds lexz fodkl dks c<kok nsus ds mn~s'; ls izHkkoh rjhds ds ekxZ ls xzkeh.k {ks=h; lfefr;ka ¼iSDl½ dh t:jr dks iwjk djus o ercwr cukus ds mns'; ls dk;Zjr gSA

    jkT; ljdkj us jk"Vªh; lgdkjh fodkl fuxe ls izkIr foÙk lgk;rk ds mi;ksxkFkZ ftyk lgdkjh cSadksa dks ifj;kstuk pykus gsrq ugj :ih ek/;e cuk;k x;k gSA vxLr] 2011 esa jktLFkku ds 11 ftyksa esa vkbZlhMhih ds vUrxZr 236 djksM+ :i;s dh foÙkh; lgk;rk }kjk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dh fLFkfr esa lq/kkj ykus gsrq iz;kljr gS ,oa vkbZlhMhih dks 11 ftyksa esa ykxw fd;k tkuk g"kZ dk fo"k; gSA jkT; ds lgdkfjrk lfpo Jh ris'k iaokj us crk;k fd bl ifj;kstuk esa _.k laforj.k] ekftZu euh bdV~Bk djus] 'ks;j iwath ls lEcfU/kr] lfClMh tkjh djus ,oa csgrj lalk/kuksa ds ek/;e ls ,d mi;ksxh etcwr cqfu;knh <kaps dks fodflr djus ds mn~ns'; ls lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dks foÙk lgk;rk }kjk foLrkj dh lqfo/kk miyC/k gksxhA ,ulhMhlh }kjk bl ifj;kstuk gsrq 218-48 djksM+ :i;s ,oa jkT; ljdkj }kjk 17-52 djksM+ :i;s dk ;ksxnku gksxkA t;iqj dks bl ifj;kstuk esa 'kkfey djrs gq, vU; ftys /kkSyiqj] mn;iqj] Jhxaxkuxj] pw:] fljksgh] fpÙkkSM+x<+] ukxkSj] izrkix<+] ikyh ,oa jktleUn gSA

    vkbZlhMhih ds eq[; mn    ns'; fuEufyf[kr gS %&

1-   {ks= dh lgdkjh lfefr;ksa dk fodkl A

2-   cgq iz;kstu vkRefuHkZj laLFkkvksa ds :i esa iSDl dk fodkl A

3-   lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds chp O;ogkfjd ,oa dk;kZRed laxfBr lEcU/kksa dk fodkl A

4-   _.kksa dh uxn olwyh gsrqA

5-   d`f"k mit ,oa ftu laLFkkvksa us uxn m/kkj ls foi.ku fd;k gS muds lanHkZ esaA

6-   d`f"k ;a=ksa ¼fdjk;k vkfn ij ½ fdlh ;a=ksa ls uxn vk; gsrqA

7-   uxn Qlyksa ds O;kikj gsrqA

8-   ch dEiksusaaV dh fcØh dks NksM+dj] d`f"k vknkuksa dh uxn fcØhA

9-   fu;af=r miHkksDrk dks NksM+dj] vU; miHkksDrk oLrqvksa dh fcØhA

    vkbZlhMhih ifj;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u ftyk Lrj ij ljdkjh laLFkkvksa eq[;r% ftyk dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad ¼izkstsDV bfEiyesfUVax ,tsUlh@ih-vkbZ-,-½ ds ek/;e ls fd;k tk jgk gSA

    jftLVªkj] lgdkjh lfefr;ka] jktLFkku ds vuqlkj lexz lgdkjh fodkl ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr vf/kd lalk/ku ,oa fofHkUu lqfo/kkvksa ds fuekZ.k ds fy, O;kid Lrj ij dk;Z fd;k tk jgk gS ,oa turk dks mPp xq.koÙkk dh lsok izkIr gks] blds fy, lq;ksx ek/;e }kjk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds lexz fodkl ds fy, /ku 13 ftyksa esa miyC/k gksxkA ekuuh; jftLVªkj egksn; }kjk ifj;kstuk vf/kdkfj;ksa dh cSBd yh xbZ rFkk voxr djk;k fd 135-35 djksM+ :i;s dh ifj;kstuk vius pkSFks o"kZ esa vkB ftyksa esa dk;Zjr gS tcfd 78-12 djksM+ :i;s o"kZ 2010 esa ikap ftyksa esa mi;ksx fd, x,A jktLFkku esa ifj;kstuk dh dqy ykxr jk"Vªh; lgdkjh fodkl fuxe }kjk 213-38 djksM+ :i;s dh lgk;rk }kjk lefFkZr gSA bl ifj;kstuk gsrq foÙk izLrko rS;kj fd, tkdj fØ;kUo;u gsrq lgdkjh laLFkkvksa dks /ku gLrkUrj.k fd;k tk jgk gS ,oa ifj;kstuk ds vUrxZr dEI;wVjkbZts'ku rFkk ekftZu euh vkSj lk>k :i;s dk ldkjkRed mi;ksx fd;k tk jgk gSA QuhZpj vkSj Hk.Mkj rFkk lqij ekdsZV ds fuekZ.k vkSj lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds cqfu;knh <kaps dks etcwr cukus ds fy, 138 djksM+ :i;s ifj;kstukUrxZr fØ;kUo;u gsrq iznku fd;s x;s gS ,oa vU; {ks=ksa ds vUrxZr ifj;kstuk chdkusj] dksVk] Hkjriqj] Mqaxjiwj ,oa ckM+esj ftys esa o"kZ 2010 esa 'kq: dh xbZ gSA jftLVªkj] lgdkjh lfefr;ka ds }kjk iqf"V dh xbZ fd fuf/k;ksa ds vUrj.k ls foÙkh; lalk/kuksa dh o`f) esa enn feysxh rFkk cM+s iSekus ij lfefr ds }kjk csgrj lqfo/kk,¡ iznku djus gsrq l{ke cuk;k x;k gSA

    jkT; ds 11 ftyksa esa vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- dk;ZØe ds vUrxZr izf'k{k.k dk;ZØeksa ds vk;kstu }kjk iSDl eSustj ,oa LVkWQ dks izf'k{k.k rhu laLFkkvksa ds ek/;e ls izf'k{k.k fn;k tkuk izLrkfor gS ,oa jkbZlse t;iqj ds }kjk ukxkSj] Jhxaxkuxj] t;iqj rFkk jkt- jkT; lgdkjh la?k }kjk ikyh] pw:] mn;iqj ,oa /kkSyiqj rFkk vkbZ-lh-,e- }kjk fpRrkSM+x<] izrkix<] fljksgh ,oa jktlean ftys esa ifj;kstuk fØ;kfUor dh tk jgh gSA rFkk ekuuh; jftLVªkj ds funsZ'kkUrxZr ifj;kstuk vf/kdkjh lgdkfjrk foHkkx ds ek/;e ls izns'k esa vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- dks u;k vk;ke fn;k x;k gSA

    jksy ekWMy ds :i esa fgekpy izns'k ,d ,slk jkT; gS tks fd bl ifj;kstuk ds fØ;kUo;u esa dkQh ldkjkRed Hkwfedk vnk djrk gSA fgekpy izns'k esa vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- 1986&87 esa 'kq: dh x;h ftldk eq[; mn~s'; xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa jkstxkj miyC/k djkuk Fkk] ,oa ,u-lh-Mh-lh- ds ek/;e ls iSDl ds lnL;ksa ,oa lgdkfjrk lfefr;ksa dks _.k miyC/k djkdj fuEu mns~';ksa esa egRoiw.kZ lQyrk izkIr dh gSA mnkgj.k ds rkSj ij fodkl dk;ZØe] iSDl xksnkeksa ls lEcaf/kr] dEI;wVj QuhZpj] lfefr ds izcU/ku vkfn izeq[k gSA vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- ds nwljs pj.k ds vUrxZr fgekpy izns'k esa 6 ftyksa esa fodkl ifj;kstuk,sa lQyrk iwoZd lEikfnr djrs gq, fØ;kfUor dh tk jgh gSA jk"Vªh; lgdkjh fodkl fuxe }kjk 3546-07 yk[k rhu ftyksa ds fy, foÙkh; lgk;rk iznku dh xbZ gS ¼gEehjiqj] fcykliqj ,oa fljekSj½ A izFke o"kZ esa 884-46 yk[k :i;s dh lgk;rk iznku djrs gq, ih-vkbZ-,-@ih-vkbZ-Vh- ds ek/;e ls ifj;kstuk dk fØ;kUo;u fd;k tk jgk gSA vkbZlhMhih ds f}rh; pj.k esa dkaxM+k] f'keyk ,oa dqYyw ftyksa dks Hkh jk"Vªh; lgdkjh fodkl fuxe ds ek/;e ls jkT; ljdkj ds vuq'kalk ds i'pkr~ foÙkh; lgk;rk miyC/k djkbZ tk jgh gSA

     

     jktLFkku ljdkj us jk"Vªh; lgdkjh fodkl fuxe ds ek/;e ls jkblse dks rhu ftyksa dk izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe lkSaik gS ftlds vUrxZr ¼d½ Jhxaxkuxj ftys ds 296 lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds izca/kd@lfpo] ys[kkdkj] foØsrk ,oa lnL; f'k{kk gsrq izLrkfor fd, gSaSA 10 cSpst ds LVMh foftV] ih-vkbZ-Vh- dkfeZdksa ,oa fofo/k ek/;e ls izf'k{k.k dh dqy 43-00 yk[k :i, dh lsa'ku iznku dh xbZ gSA ¼[k½ vkbZlhMhih] t;iqj ds izf'k{k.k dk;ZØe gsrq 261 lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds izcU/kd@lfpo@izcU/ku desVh ,oa lnL; f'k{kk rFkk LVMh foftV gsrq 2-5 :i;s ,oa foi.ku lfefr;ksa gsrq izcU/kd@lfpo ,oa vU; ds fy, 2-00 yk[k] ih-vkbZ-Vh- dkfeZdksa ds fy, 2-00 yk[k] ftyk dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad ds izf'k{k.k ,oa lsehukj@dkUÝSUl vkfn ds fy, 1-50 yk[k :i;s Lohd`r fd, x, gSa ,oa dqy jkf'k 34-36 yk[k :i;s O;; fd;k tkuk izLrkfor gSA ¼x½ vkbZlhMhih] ds vUrxZr ukxkSj ftys esa izf'k{k.k O;; gsrq iSDl ds izca/kd@lfpo  vU;] izcU/ku desVh] lnL; f'k{kk] LVMh foftV vkfn ds fy, 3-00 yk[k :i;s] rFkk foi.ku ls lEcaf/kr lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds miHkksDrk Hk.Mkj] izcU/kd@lfpo] efgyk lfefr;ksa vkfn ds fy, 3-00 yk[k] :i;s dh lsaD'ku izkIr gqbZ gS rFkk ih-vkbZ-Vh- dkfeZdksa gsrq 2-00 yk[k :i;s ,oa ftyk dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad ds izf'k{k.k ,oa lsehukj@dkUÝSUl vkfn ds fy, 1-50 yk[k :i;s Lohd`r fd, x, gSaA dqy feykdj 35-80 yk[k :i;s dh jkf'k dk lnqi;ksx fd;k tk;sxkA

     vkbZlhMhih ds izf'k{k.k ds egkdqaHk ds fy, jkbZlse ds ek/;e ls t;iqj] ukxkSj ,oa Jhxaxkuxj esa 1 djksM+ 13 yk[k 16 gtkj :i;s p;fur lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds dkfeZdksa dh dk;kZRed dkS'ky dh o`f) izeq[k mn~s'; gS ftlds vUrxZr izf'k{k.k ds ek/;e dks eq[;r% lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds mRFkku gsrq le;c) O;ofLFkr :i esa 11 ftyksa esa fØ;kfUor fd;k tkuk gS o iwoZ esa 13 ftyksa esa fØ;kfUor gSA vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- }kjk d`f"k foi.ku ds {ks= esa izxfr o olwyh ds dk;Z esa n{krk bl ;kstuk dk y{; gS ,oa mijksDr lanHkZ esa jftLVªkj Jh izse flag esgjk ds }kjk uokpkfjr n`f"Vdks.k viukrs gq, lexz lgdkjh fodkl ifj;kstukvksa dk vkWfMV lEcaf/kr dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSadksa ds vkWfMV ds lkFk dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad ds fy, fu;qDr vkWfMVj }kjk djk;k tkus dk fu.kZ; egRoiw.kZ gS rFkk ifj;kstuk dh lQyrk ds fy, Jh izse flag esgjk] jftLVªkj lgdkfjrk jktlFkku ljdkj ds funsZ’kksa dh ikyuk esa vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- ds izHkkoh ekWfuVfjax ,oa iz’kklfud n`f"V ls funsZf’kr fd;k x;k gS fd egkizcU/kd vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- ds in ij dk;Zjr vf/kdkjh ;fn izcU/k funs’kd] lh-lh-ch- ls ofj"B gks rks ,slh fLFkfr esa izcU/k funs’kd] jkt- jkt; lgdkjh cSad ds fu;a=.k esa jgsaxs o dfu"B gksaxs rks izcU/k funs’kd] lh-lh-ch- dh vf/kuLFkrk esa dk;Z djsaxs A orZeku esa jkT; ds 13 ftyksa esa vkbZ-lh-Mh-ih- fØ;kfUor gS ,oa 11 ftyksa ;Fkk t;iqj] mn;iqj] izrkix<] fpRrkSM+x<] jktlaen] ikyh] fljksgh] /kkSyiqj] pq:] Jhxaxkuxj ,oa ukxkSj esa ’kq: gksuh gSA

    vUrksxRok ftyk dsUnzh; lgdkjh cSad ,d l'kDr ek/;e ds :i esa izkstsDV bfEIyesfUVax ,tsUlh ds :i esa dk;Zjr gS ftudks lgk;rk ds :i esa ,d ifj;kstuk fØ;kUo;u Vhe ftls ih-vkbZ-Vh- dgk tkrk gS ,oa ftyk Lrj ij O;olkf;d fodkl dk;ZØe ¼chMhih½ }kjk lgdkjh lfefr;ksa ds vk/kkjHkwr <kapksa dk ewY;kadu ,oa vU; t:jrksa ds fglkc ls lgk;rk iznku dh tkrh gS] tks iSDl ds l'kfDrdj.k ds fy, dkjxj dne gSA

An Effort Towards Conservation of Ecology:Amrita devi vision

The United Nations Decade on Biodiversity 2011-2020 - The United Nations General Assembly declared 2011-2020 the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity (Resolution 65/161). The UN Decade on Biodiversity serves to support and promote implementation of the objectives of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, with the goal of significantly reducing biodiversity loss.

                          On December 22, 2010, building on the International Year of Biodiversity (2010) and the goal of significantly reducing biodiversity loss, the United Nations General Assembly declared 2011-2020 the United Nations Decade on Biodiversity (Resolution 65/161).

The UN Decade on Biodiversity serves to support and promote implementation of the objectives of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets, which were adopted at the 10th Conference of the Parties to the CBD, in Nagoya, Japan, in 2010. Throughout the UN Decade on Biodiversity, governments are encouraged to develop, implement and communicate the results of national strategies for implementation of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity.

Government Strategy to Counter Terrorism

vkardokn vkSj ljdkj }kjk mik;

    vkardokn dk lkeuk djus ds nkSjku ljdkj dks viuh jktuhfrd fn’kk dks u, fljs ls O;ofLFkr vkSj 'kklu djus ds ewy rÙoksa ij iqufoZpkj djuk iM+ ldrk gSA 'kCn ^vkardokn fujks/kh* dk nk;jk csgn O;kid gS vkSj blds rgr dh tkus okyh dk;Zokgh egt vkardokfn;ksa rd lhfer ugha jgrh gSA bldk nwjxkeh vlj O;kid lUnHkZ esa gekjs lkekftd <kaps ij csgn izHkkoh gksrk gSA gekjh ljdkj uDly fojks/kh vfHk;ku pykus ds ekeys esa csgn lrdZ gSA

    ljdkj }kjk pyk, tk jgs vkardokn fujks/kh vfHk;ku ds rgr mBk, x, dqN egÙoiw.kZ dne blizdkj gS %&

1-     jkstxkj ds voljksa dk l`tu A

2-     ewyHkwr lqfo/kkvksa dk fodkl A

3-     lkekftd vlekurk dks nwj djus ds fy, lekt ds lHkh oxksZa ds fy, leku voljksa dk l`tu A

4-     /keZ&fujis{krk dk ikyu A

5-     HkkSxksfyd Lrj ij larqfyr fodkl A

6-      dkuwu] n.M lafgrk vkSj izR;kiZ.k dk dM+kbZ ls ikyuA iqfyl dks vf/kd vf/kdkj A

7-     eq[; yksxksa dks y{; cukukA ;krk;kr oSfj;j vkSj pSdiksLV LFkkfir djukA

8-     izfrfØ;kRed QkSth dk;Zokgh A

9-     [kqfQ;k vkSj fuxjkuh esa o`f) A

10-   Ekuoh; lgk;rk dh xfrfof/k;k¡A

11-   tkap vkSj iwNrkN ds fy, vf/kd oSKkfud vkSj vk/kqfud rjhdksa dk mi;ksxA

Child marriage is a social evil & 99% BONDINGS ON AKHA TEEJ IN RAJASTHAN leading to failure ? For Administration.

    yksd ijEijk dh thoUrrk Hkkjrh; laLd`fr dk izk.krRo gSA blds jhfr fjokt] ioZ] R;kSgkj vkSj vkLFkk&fo'okl lnk lekt ds okgd jgsa gSa fdUrq ekSf[kd :i ls ih<h nj ih<h pyh vk jgh dqN ijEijk,W vius lkFk va/kfo'okl vkSj :f<;kW Hkh lkFk ys vkbZ ftudk urhtk ;g fudyk fd Hkkjrh; lekt tMrk dh vksj c<us yxkA cky fookg blh tMrk dk mnkgj.k gSa A cky fookg ds uke ij cPpksa ds thou ds lkFk tks f[kyokM fd;k tkrk gS og LrC/k djus okyk gS jktLFkku ds esyksa R;ksgkjksa ds lkFk mRlkgiwoZd euk;k tkus okyk ijEijk ls tqMk gqvk ioZ gS v{k;k r`rh;k ;kuh **vk[kkrht**A ;g ijEijk ckyfookg ls tqMh gS xzh"e _rq ds vkajHk esa iMus okyk vk[kkrht] cky fookg ds fy, vcq> lkok gSa A

    orZeku oSf'odj.k futhdj.k o mnkjhdj.k ds bl ;qx esa tgkW laaiw.kZ fo'o ,d Xykscy foyst ;k osf'od xkWo ds :i esa ifjofrZr gks pqdk gSA bl lwpuk izkS|ksfxdh ds ;qx esa e/;dkyhu e/;oxhZ; ekufldrk ds izrhd cky fookg dk izR;sd ukxfjd }kjk iqjtksj izfrdkj visf{kr gks x;k gSA orZeku vko';drk cPpksa ds dSfj;j rFkk Hkfo"; dh fpUrk djus dh gSA ySafxd lekurk rFkk efgyk l'kfDrdj.k dh vkSj vxzlj gksrs gq, Hkkjr o"kZ ds fy, cky fookg ,d lkekftd dqizFkk ds :i esa pqukSrh gSa A bl pqukSrhdk eqdkcyk dSls fd;k tk, \ ;g fpUÙkuh; iz'u gSa A

    o"kZ 1989 dh la;qDr jk"Vª la?k dh cky vf/kdkj lfefr ¼4½ dh ifjHkk"kk ds vuqlkj fdlh O;fDr dh ckY;koLFkk 18 o"kZ dh vk;q rd gksrh gSa A cky fookg mls dgrs gSa ftlesa nksuksa vFkok ,d ckyd gksA Hkkjr esa oSfnd dky esa yMfd;ksa dk fookg rc gh gksrk Fkk tc os o;Ld gks tkrh FkhA ckS) rFkk tSu n'kZu ds vuqlkj czãp;Z dks izeq[k ekuk x;k gSa A fookg tgkW ,d vksj ,slk laLdkj ekuk tkrk Fkk ftlds fcuk euq"; dk thou iw.kZ ugh gksrk gSa ogh ckS) erkuqlkj fookg dks fuokZ.k ds ekxZ esa ck/kk ekuk x;k oSfnd dky dh rjg cq) ds le; esa Hkh de mez esa fookg dh jhfr ugh Fkh ijUrq ,sls dbZ mnkgj.k ns[kus dks feyrs gSa ftuesa esa yMdh dk fookg 16 o"kZ dh mez esa dj fn;k x;kA ;'kks/kjk] cq) dh ifRu dk fookg Hkh blh vk;q ds djhc gqvk FkkA oSls oSfnd lkfgR; esa cky fookg esa cky fookg dk dgh Hkh ftØ ugh gSa A ijUrq ckn esa ;kKoYD;] ;e] efjfp ikjk'kj rFkk vU; ¼euq dks NksMdj½ laHkh fo}kuksa us yMdh ds jtLoyk gksus ds iwoZ fookg djus ij tksj fn;k gSa A x`g lq= rFkk x`glexz ds vuqlkj jtLoyk gksus ds i'pkr~ yMdh dk fookg djuk iki ekuk tkrk gSa A euq ds vuqlkj yMdh dk fookg jtksoLFkk izkIr djus ds 3 o"kZ i'pkr~ gksuk pkfg,A ml le; fu;ksx rFkk fo/kok fookg jhfr fufc) FkhA blfy, czgedky ds i'pkr~ Hkkjr esa efgykvksa dh fLFkfr esa cgqr fxjkoV vkbZ ;g fLFkfr ckgjh vkØe.kdrkZvksa ds dkj.k vkSj Hkh [kjkc gqbZ rFkk ckyfookg] lrhizFkk] inkZizFkk rFkk cgqfookg vkfn /khjs /khjs fgUnq lekt esa ?kj djus yxsaA yMfd;ksa dh lqj{kk ekrk&firk ds fy, ,d leL;k cu xbZ mUgsa de mez esa yMfd;ksa dk fookg dj mUgsa llqjky Hkstuk gh bldk lek/kku yxkA blfy, ckyfookg ,d fjokt cu x;kA blh ds dkj.k cgqfookg izkjEHk gks x, rFkk ckyfookg] ekr`e`R;q rFkk cky e`R;qnj esa c<ksrjh gks xbZA

    jktLFkku ds esyksa&R;kSgkjksa ds lkFk mRlkgiwoZd euk;k tkus okyk ijEijk ls tqMk gqvk ioZ gSa v{k; r`rh;k ;kuh **vk[kkrht**A ;g ijEijk ckyfookg ls tqMh gSaA [ksrh vkSj nwljs t:jh dke /ka/kksa ls Qkfjx xzkeh.k yksx bl fnu cPpksa dk fookg dj vius ikfjokfjd drZO; dh bfrJh djrs vk, gSaA /khjs /khjsa blh us ijEijk dk :i ys fy;kA bl izdkj ftl frfZFk dks **v{k;** dgrs gSa] mlh fnu ge ckyfookg ds {k; jksx dks vkeaf=r djrsa gSaA

    cky fookg izfr"ks/k vf/kfu;e] 2006 dk vuqPNsn ,l 2 ¼ch½ ds vuqlkj cky fookg ,slk fookg gSa ftlesa dksbZ ,d i{k ckyd gksA cky fookg dks lkekftd dqjhfr ds :i esa Lohdkjrs gq, dkQh le; igys cky fookg vdaq'k vf/kfu;e ikfjr fd;k x;k Fkk bl dkuwu dks 'kkajnk ,DV ds uke ls tkuk tkrk gS bl dkuwu esa izko/kku fd;k x;k Fkk fd 15 lky ls de mez dh yMdh vkSj 18 lky ls de mez ds yMds dk fookg xSj dkuwuh ekuk tk,xkA 1978 esa bl dkuwu esa la'kks/ku fd;k x;k bl la'kks/ku esa fookg fd mez Hkh rhu lky c<k nh xbZA vc yMfd;ksa ds fy, 18 lky vkSj yMdksa ds fy, 21 lky dh oSokfgd mez r; dh xbZA

    iq= tUe dks izkFkfedrk ,oa iq=h tUe dks nqHkkZX; tSls fopkj Hkh bl izdkj dh laLd`fr ls tUe ysrs gSaA tux.kuk 1901 ,oa tux.kuk 1911 n'kkZrh gSa fd jktiwrkuk dh vusd fj;klrksa esa ckyfookg ;k vcks/k fookg dk lkekftd izpyu FkkA vtesj ekjokM dh fczrkuh lhek esa 1901 dh tux.kuk ds vuqlkj izfr 19000 yMdka ,oa 1118 yMfd;ksa dk fookg 10 o"kZ ls de dh vk;q esa gks tkrk FkkA lu~ 1911 dh tux.kuk Hkh cky fookg dh O;kid mifLFkfr dks bu fj;klrksa esa n'kkZrh gSaA vkt Hkh jktLFkku ds vusd xk¡oksa esa ifjokj ;g le>kSrk dj ysrs gS fd xHkZ/kkj.k djus ds mijkUr os cPpksa dk ijLij fookg dj nsaxs vFkkZr tUe ysus ds iwoZ gh cPpksa dk fookg lqfuf'pr dj fn;k tkrk gSa A

    ,d vuqeku ds vuqlkj vkxkeh n'kd esa fo'o esa yxHkx 10 djkaM yMfd;ksa dk fookg 18 o"kZ ls de vk;q esa gksxkA Hkkjr esa ;g la[;k laokZf/kd gksxh fofHkUu izfrosnuksa o v/;;uksa ls ;g Hkh Kkr gS fd%&

¼1½  Hkkjr esa yxHkx 1 djksM 17 yk[k yMds ,oa yMfd;ksa ,sls gS ftudh     fookg ds le; vk;q 21 o"kZ ,oa 18 o"kZ ls de FkhA

¼2½  Hkkjr o"kZ esa yxHkx 50 izfr'kr yMfd;ksa dk fookg 18o"kZ ls de vk;q esa lEiUu gksrk gSA

¼3½  yxHkx rhu yk[k yMfd;k¡ ,slh gS ftUgksus 15 o"kZ dh vk;q ds iwoZ fookg     dj de ls de ,d lUrku dks tUe Hkh ns fn;k gSaA

¼4½  jktLFkku esa yxHkx 65 ls 68 izfr'kr yMfd;ksa dk fookg 18 o"kZ ls de     vk;q ij lEiUu gksrk gSa dksVk] ckMesj] MwWxjiqj ,oa >kykokM ds xk¡oksa esa     yxHkx 50 izfr'kr yMfd;ksa ckyfookg fd f'kdkj gSaA

¼5½  Hkkjr esa ckyfookg dh la[;k fo'o esa lEiUu gq, cky fookgksa dh 40     izfr'kr gSA

¼6½  20 o"kZ ls 24 o"kZ dh vk;q dh fookfgr efgykvksa ls Kkr gqvk fd lu~     2005&06 esa 44-5 izfr'kr dk rFkk xkoksa esa bl vk;q lewg dh fookfgr     efgykvksa esa ls 56 izfr'kr dk fookg 18 o"kZ ls de vk;q ij lEiUu gks     x;k FkkA lewps Hkkjr esa bl vk;q lewg dh efgykvksa esa ls 44 izfr'kr dk fookg 18 o"kZ ls de vk;q ij lEiUu gks x;k FkkA

TERRORISOM: deadly virus of modern era.

     vkard dk ;kstukc) bLrseky fo’ks"k :Ik ls viuh euekuh djus ds fy,] vkerkSj ij vius fdlh dqfRlr oSpkfjd y{; dh izkfIr ds fy,] funksZ"k yksxksa dh lqj{kk ds lkFk tkucw> dj fd;s tkus okys f[kyokM+ vkSj Hk; iSnk djus ds fy, dh xbZ lqfu;ksftr fgalkRed dk;Zokgh dks vkardokn dgk tkrk gSA

     vesfjdk ljdkj ds j{kk ea=ky; us vkardokn dh ifjHkk"kk dqN bl rjg dh gS %&

     ßxSj dkuwuh fgalk dk fu;ksftr :Ik ls bLrseky ;k voS/k fgalk ds tfj;s vke yksxksa esa Hk; dk okrkoj.k fufeZr djuk] ljdkj ;k lekt dks viuh jktuhfrd] /kkfeZd ;k oSpkfjd ekaxksa dks ekuus ds fy, tcfj;k etcwj djukAÞ

     bl ifjHkk"kk esa rhu eq[; fcUnq gSa %& fgalk] Hk; vkSj vkarfdr djuk] ;s lHkh ckrsa mlls ihfM+rksa esa Hk; iSnk djrh gSA

bfrgkl

     vkard ;kfu ßVsjjÞ 'kCn ySfVu Hkk"kk ds 'kCn ^Vq ÝkbVsu* ¼Mjkuk½ ls vk;k gSA 105 bZlk iwoZ esa jkse dh flacjh uked tutkfr ds yM+kdqvksa }kjk iSnk dh xbZ vkard vkSj vkikr fLFkfr dks ^Vsjj flcjhdl* dgk x;k Ýkal dh Økafr ds nkSjku tsdksfc;u us vkard dh lÙkk dk;e dj bl rjg ds gkykr cuk, FksA tsdksfc;u dh lÙkk ds iru ds ckn ^VsjfjTe* 'kCn ,d xkyh ds :Ik esa izpfyr gks x;kA vktdy vkardokn ;k VsjfjTe 'kCn ds ek;us gSa & futh lewgksa }kjk funksZ"k yksxksa dh gR;k bl rjg ls djuk fd lapkj ek/;eksa dk /;ku vkd`"V fd;k tk ldsA

     us’ks;sc us o"kZ 1869 esa :l ds mxzoknh laxBu ßihiqYl jsVªhO;w’kuÞ dh LFkkiuk dhA

     ge vkardokfn;ksa dks eksVs rkSj ij pkj lewgksa esa foHkkftr dj ldrs gSa] gkykafd ;g oxhZdj.k fofHkUu ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa fHkUu gks ldrk gSA

1-   jktuhfrd vkardokn

     jktuhfrd vkardokn ,slk vkijkf/kd O;ogkj gS ftldk mn~ns’; vius jktuhfrd y{; dh izkfIr ds fy, lekt ;k mlds ,d oxZ esa Hk; dk okrkoj.k fufeZr djuk gksA bl oxZ esa vHkh vkf/kdkfjd ;k ljdkj iksf"kr vkardokn dks Hkh 'kkfey dj ldrs gSa D;ksafd blds ihNs Hkh jktuhfrd egRokdka{kk,a Nqih gksrh gSA bl rjg dk vkardokn dbZ ns’kksa dh fons’k uhfr dk egRoiw.kZ fgLlk gksrk gSA fdlh ljdkj }kjk vkardokfn;ksa dks vkfFkZd enn nsuk ;k mUgsa vius ;gka vkljk nsuk] vkardokn dks c<+kok nsuk gh gSA

     dqN ns’k vius vkilh fookn fuiVkus ds fy, vkardokn dk lgkjk ysrs gSaA tc ,sls ns’k eglwl djrs gSa fd os lh/ks ;q) esa vius fojks/kh ls fuiVus esa l{ke ugha gS ;k fQj ;q) }kjk Hkh leL;k dk fujkdj.k ugha gqvk rks os vius fojks/kh ns’k esa vkardoknh ?kVuk,a djokrs jgrs gSaA

2-   /kkfeZd dV~VjiaFk

     /kkfeZd vkardokn dqN ,sls lewgksa }kjk viuk;k tkrk gS tks fd vius /keZ dh vkLFkkvksa dks :f<+oknh p’esa ls ns[krs gSaA bl iwjh lnh esa cgqr lh vkardoknh ?kVuk,a /kkfeZd vk/kkj ij ?kfVr dh xbZA /kkfeZd vk/kkj ij vkardokn okLro esa fdlh /keZ }kjk lapkfyr ugha gksrk gS] ;g rks ml vkLFkk dks ekuus okys dqN yksxksa ;k muds xqV dh viuh ekU;rk gksrh gSA bldk ml /keZ dh f’k{kk ;k fl)kUr ls dksbZ okLrk ugha gksrk gSA

3-   lkekftd Økafr;ka

    LFkkuh; vkardokn vkSj yksdra= ds vkilh lEcU/k csgn tfVy gSaA vkerkSj ij ns[kk x;k gS fd ftu ns’kksa esa jktuhfrd Lora=rk csgn de gksrh gS ogka vkardokn csgn tksj ekjrk gS rHkh yksdrkaf=d ns’kksa esa ;g cgqr de gksrk gSA xSj yksdrkaf=d ns’kksa esa vkardokn ds mnkgj.kksa esa ge is: dh vycrksZ Qqtheksjh ljdkj] rqdhZ esa dqfnZLrku odZlZ ikVhZ ds vkardokfn;ksa dh ljdkj vkSj nf{k.kh vÝhdk esa ,,ulh dh ljdkj dk mYys[k djuk pkgsaxsA gkykafd vesfjdk] btjkbZy] b.Mksusf’k;k vkSj fQyhihal tSls yksdrkaf=d ns’kksa dks Hkh vkarfjd vkardokn dk lkeuk djuk iM+ jgk gSA pwafd yksdra=kRed ns’kksa esa ekuokf/kdkjksa dh j{kk ,d cM+k uSfrd ekin.M gksrk gS] vr% ogka vkardokn dks csgn xEHkhj ladV ekuk tkrk gSA

4-   vU; ;k O;fDrxr xfrfof/k;ka

     dbZ ckj dqN ,sls vijk/k ?kfVr gks tkrs gSa tks fdUgha ifjfLFkfr;ksa dh rkRdkfyd izfrfØ;k gksrh gSA ,sls vijk/kksa dk vlj Hkh vkardoknh xfrfof/k;ksa dh rjg gksrk gS ysfdu mudk izHkko nwjxkeh ugha gksrkA vlyh vkardokfn;ksa dk ewy mn~ns’; dsoy ihfM+r dks gh vkarfdr djuk ugha gksrk gS tcfd vFkZ vkardokn esa Hkys gh vlyh vkardokfn;ksa dh rjg rjhds o fnekx dk bLrseky fd;k x;k gks] ysfdu os dsoy dqN yksxksa dks gh viuk f’kdkj cukuk pkgrs gSa uk fd lewps lekt ;k ljdkj dksA

nqfu;kHkj esa vkardokn

     vesfjdk vkSj mlds fe= ns’kksa }kjk NsM+s x, vkardokn fujks/kh ;q) esa dqN ns’kksa dks fu’kkuk cuk;k x;k gS] os gSa & bZjkd] bZjku] vQxkfuLrku] ikfdLrku] lwMku] lksekfy;k vkfnA 9@11 dh ?kVuk ds ckn vesfjdk us vkardokfn;ksa dh iSB vkSj laxBu {kerk dks eglwl fd;kA vHkh rd ?kfVr dqN izeq[k vkardoknh ?kVukvksa vkSj mUgsa vatke nsus okys laxBu fuEu gSa &

btjkby

     22 tqykbZ] 1946 dks flvksuoknh laxBu bjxqu us ;s:’ksye] btjkby ds gksVy fdax MsfoV esa ,d ce /kekdk fd;k ftlesa 91 yksx ekjs x,A

vy&dk;nk

     ^vy&dk;nk* ,d vjch 'kCn gS ftldk fgUnh esa vFkZ gksrk gS & cqfu;kn ;k vk/kkj] bldh LFkkiuk vxLr] 1988 esa o"kZ 1989 ds vUr ds chp ekuh tkrh gSA blds usVodZ esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; vkSj ns’kfoghu nksuksa rjg ds yM+kds 'kkfey gSa tks fd iwjh nqfu;k esa dV~VjiaFkh lqUuh vkUnksyu ^tsgkn* dks QSyk jgs gSaA vy&dk;nk dh lksp gS fd eqfLye ns’kksa esa fons’kh ;k vU; ns’kksa dk dksbZ n[ky ugha gksuk pkfg,A os nqfu;k ds eqfLye ns’kksa dk ,d vyx laxBu [kM+k djuk pkgrs gSa] tgka dsoy 'kjh;r dk dkuwu pysA

     vy&dk;nk vHkh rd Ng cM+s geyksa dks vatke ns pqdk gS] buesa ls pkj vesfjdk ds f[kykQ gSA izR;sd ekeys esa laxBu us dbZ lky igys iwjh ;kstuk cukbZ] gfFk;kjksa vkSj foLQksVks dks tqVk;kA geys esa 'kkfey yksxksa dks lqjf{kr iukgxkj nsus ds fy, dbZ QthZ O;kikfjd izfr"Bku 'kq: fd, x,] igpku Nqikdj edku vkfn fy, x,A

1992

     29 fnlEcj] 1992 dks vy&dk;nk us vius igys geys dks vatke fn;kA vnu] ;eu esa nks /kekds fd, x,A igyk ce ^ewosuihd gksVy* vkSj nwljk ^xksYMeksgj* gksVy esa yxk;k x;kA

1993 oYMZ VªsM lsaVj cedk.M

     o"kZ 1993 esa U;w;kdZ 'kgj ds oYMZ VªsM lsaVj ij ,d cM+k geyk fd;k x;k Fkk ftlesa foLQksVksa ls Hkjs ,d Vªd dks bl bekjr ls Vdjk fn;k x;k FkkA bl geys esa Ng yksx ekjs x,] 1042 ?kk;y gq, vkSj lEifÙk dks Hkkjh uqdlku gqvkA

vDVwcj 2000

     vDVwcj] 2000 esa vy&dk;nk ds vkardokfn;ksa us ;eu esa ,d vesfjdh felkbZyjks/kh tgkt ij vkRe?kkrh geyk fd;kA blesa 17 vesfjdh lSfud ekjs x, FksA

11 flrEcj] 2001

     11 flrEcj dh ?kVuk vesfjdh bfrgkl esa lcls u`’kal vkardoknh ?kVuk Fkh ftlesa 3000 ls vf/kd yksx ekjs x, FksA vydk;nk us pkj ;k=h foekuksa dk vigj.k dj muesa ls nks dks oYMZ VªsM VkWoj ls Vdjk fn;kA ,d dks isaVkxu vkSj ,d dks isaflYosfu;k ds eSnku esa tkucw>dj fxjk fn;kA bl geys esa vesfjdk dh le`f) ds izrhd oYMZ VªsM Vkoj ds nksuksa cqtZ fxjdj [kkd gks x,A

vkbZvkj, ;kuh vkbZfj’k fjifCydu vkehZ

     vkbZvkj, us o"kZ 1992 esa dbZ Vªsuksa esa vkx yxkus okyh lkexzh dks fu;ksftr fd;k FkkA buesa ,yhQsaV] dSly vkSj fuvLMsu LVs’kuksa ij lkexzh dks ryk’k dj csdkj dj fn;k x;k Fkk tcfd ofdZax LVs’ku ij feyh lkexzh vlQy jgh FkhA

Bertrand Russell LESSON FOR MODERN WORLD

Dr. Balraj BISHNOI
"Good nature is, of all moral qualities, the one that the world needs most, and good nature is the result of ease and security, not of a life of arduous struggle. Modern methods of production have given us the possibility of ease and security for all; we have chosen, instead, to have overwork for some and starvation for others. Hitherto we have continued to be as energetic as we were before there were machines; in this we have been foolish, but there is no reason to go on being foolish forever." - Bertrand Russell

Reservation system & Social Strata

Reservation by government leading to division of  country and social strata since long back  , what kind of unity is seen by so-called intellectual section of society with long conflict by mass leader against & pro reservation in promotion despite interpretation by hon. Supreme court judgement to ban reservation in promotion (Sharma vs meena/ SC Dtd 7.12.2010). Politics of  party indictment to each others started without legal interpretation in right direction and quick decision by committee formed by State Government for implementation or midway to maintain good relation. After supreme court decision, its need of the hour to maintain cohesiveness bond of society without any delay to avoid class conflict and further strengthening of non-reserved classes. It is better to enhance education through reservation & following hon. Supreme court interpretations rather than lingering on the matter to increase restless anger among non-reserved section of state as it will lead to agitations/protests seen recently by caste based politics for reservation and further masses need to have faith in State leadership to continue peacefull request for proper execution of Hon Supreme court decision as no one is above law.